The Team Leader notices compressions are too fast and instructs you to slow down. What element of team dynamics is this?

• A. Closed-loop communication
• B. Debriefing
• C. Knowledge sharing
• D. Constructive intervention

Answer: (D)

Constructive intervention is real-time, specific feedback given to correct performance during a task. When the Team Leader notices the chest compressions are too fast and immediately instructs to slow down, they are guiding the team to adjust behavior to improve patient outcomes. This kind of intervention is focused on optimizing the current performance, delivered in a respectful, non-blaming way to keep the team coordinated and effective.

This differs from other concepts: closed-loop communication is about ensuring the message is heard and understood (the speaker and responder confirm understanding), debriefing happens after the event to review what occurred, and knowledge sharing is broad information exchange. Here, the emphasis is on timely correction to maintain high-quality resuscitation.